An Assessment of Nurses' Preparedness for Handling Cardiovascular Complications in Diabetic Patients at Ogun State University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Cardiovascular complications are among the most common and severe consequences of diabetes mellitus, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Diabetic patients are at a higher risk of developing conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and myocardial infarction due to the impact of prolonged hyperglycemia on blood vessels and cardiac function (ADA, 2024). Nurses play a vital role in managing diabetic patients by monitoring blood glucose levels, educating patients on lifestyle modifications, and responding to cardiovascular emergencies. Their preparedness in handling these complications is crucial to improving patient outcomes and reducing diabetes-related mortality rates.
Despite the increasing prevalence of diabetes-related cardiovascular complications in Nigeria, studies suggest that many healthcare professionals, including nurses, are not adequately trained to handle such emergencies (NCD Alliance, 2023). Limited knowledge, inadequate access to emergency protocols, and insufficient practical training may hinder the ability of nurses to respond effectively. Ogun State University Teaching Hospital serves as a major referral center for diabetes and cardiovascular conditions, making it an ideal setting for assessing the preparedness of nurses in managing these complications.
Statement of the Problem
The rising burden of diabetes-related cardiovascular complications in Nigeria underscores the need for well-trained healthcare professionals capable of providing timely and effective care. Nurses are often the first responders in emergency situations, yet research indicates gaps in their preparedness for handling cardiovascular emergencies among diabetic patients (WHO, 2024). Inadequate training in advanced cardiac life support, poor adherence to clinical guidelines, and a lack of essential emergency resources can compromise patient care and survival rates.
At Ogun State University Teaching Hospital, there is limited data on nurses’ level of preparedness in managing cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, skills, and response capacity of nurses in handling these emergencies, with the goal of identifying gaps and recommending strategies for improvement.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess nurses’ knowledge of cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients at Ogun State University Teaching Hospital.
2. To evaluate nurses’ preparedness in handling cardiovascular emergencies in diabetic patients.
3. To identify challenges affecting nurses’ ability to manage cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients.
Research Questions
1. What is the level of nurses’ knowledge regarding cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients?
2. How prepared are nurses in handling cardiovascular emergencies among diabetic patients?
3. What are the key challenges faced by nurses in managing cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses at Ogun State University Teaching Hospital have adequate knowledge of cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients.
2. Nurses’ preparedness significantly influences the effectiveness of emergency response for cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients.
3. Challenges such as inadequate training, lack of emergency resources, and poor adherence to protocols hinder nurses’ ability to manage cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in various units at Ogun State University Teaching Hospital, particularly in the cardiology, endocrinology, and emergency departments. The study will assess nurses' theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and adherence to emergency response protocols. Limitations may include variations in nursing education levels, reluctance of participants to disclose knowledge gaps, and resource constraints within the hospital.
Definitions of Terms
• Cardiovascular Complications: Health conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels, often occurring in diabetic patients due to prolonged hyperglycemia.
• Diabetic Emergency: A life-threatening condition in diabetic patients, such as heart attack, stroke, or severe hypoglycemia, requiring immediate medical intervention.
• Nursing Preparedness: The level of knowledge, training, and readiness of nurses to handle medical emergencies effectively.
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